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Media & Streaming

Design Netflix / YouTube (Video streaming and transcoding)

A video-on-demand platform ingesting uploads through an adaptive-bitrate transcoding pipeline and serving playback via a global multi-tier CDN.

Open and Simulate this Architecture in InfraDraft

Core Architectural Components

Video Upload & Ingestion Service

Accepts large uploads and kicks off the processing workflow.

Transcoding Worker Fleet

Produces multiple resolutions and bitrates from the source file.

Object Storage for Master + Renditions

Durable store for the original and every encoded variant.

Multi-Tier Edge CDN

Regional and edge caching layers that keep playback start latency low globally.

Manifest Service

Generates HLS/DASH playlists describing available renditions to the player.

Recommendation Engine

Personalizes what's surfaced on the home screen.

Watch History & Resume-Playback Service

Tracks position per title per profile across devices.

DRM/Licensing Service

Encrypts and licenses playback per title and region.