← InfraDraft

Infrastructure Primitives

Design a Distributed Search System (Elasticsearch clone)

A sharded, replicated inverted-index engine supporting full-text search, ranking, and near-real-time indexing at scale.

Open and Simulate this Architecture in InfraDraft

Core Architectural Components

Inverted Index Engine

Per-shard term-to-document index, the core structure behind fast full-text lookups.

Index Sharding & Routing Layer

Distributes documents across shards and routes queries to the right ones.

Replica Shards

Read scaling and high availability if a primary shard node fails.

Document Ingestion / Analysis Pipeline

Tokenizes, stems, and analyzes text before it enters the index.

Query Coordinator

Scatter-gathers a query across shards and merges scored results.

Relevance Ranking Engine

BM25/TF-IDF scoring that orders results by relevance, not just match.

Cluster State Manager

Master node tracking shard allocation and cluster health.

Write-Ahead Translog

Guarantees durability for writes not yet flushed into a searchable segment.