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Infrastructure Primitives

Design a Distributed Key-Value Store

A horizontally-scalable store in the spirit of DynamoDB or Cassandra, trading strict consistency for availability and partition tolerance via consistent hashing and quorum reads/writes.

Open and Simulate this Architecture in InfraDraft

Core Architectural Components

Consistent Hashing Ring

Maps keys to nodes and minimizes reshuffling when nodes join or leave.

Replication Manager

Places N replicas of each key across the ring for durability and availability.

Quorum Read/Write Coordinator

Tunes consistency (R + W > N) per operation.

Vector Clocks / Version Vectors

Detects and surfaces concurrent conflicting writes for reconciliation.

Gossip Protocol

Propagates cluster membership and failure-detection state without a central coordinator.

Merkle Trees

Enables efficient anti-entropy repair by diffing replica state without a full data scan.

Write-Ahead Log

Guarantees per-node durability before an in-memory write is acknowledged.

Compaction & SSTable Storage Engine

LSM-tree-style on-disk storage that keeps write throughput high.